C

 

INDEX

• Introduction to C
• Overview of C
• Variables 
• Constants 
• Data Types
• Identifier&Naming of an identifier
• Concept of Statements
• Operators & Expressions 
• Decision Making 
• Loop Controls
• Array 
•  Functions 
• Pointer  
• Storage Classes 
• String Handling
•  Preprocessor 
• Bitwise Operator 
• Structure & Union 
• File Handling

C is a structured Programming Language developed by " Danis Richi " at AT & T

bell lab in U.S.A 1972.

Structured Programing Language :-  

In Structured Programing Language a program can be divided in to the individual Sections and all of this sections are also called as " Function or Modules".

Character Set of C

A character set is permeable set of character and be classified in to different types,such as follow:-


1) Alphabet
2)Digits
3)Other Character
4)White spaces
5)Special Character

Concept of words:-
The meaningful set of character is known as words.

The words can be categories as:-

1Keywords.
2)Identifiers.
3)Constants.

Keywords :- Predefine or Reserved words.

Keywords are the predefined words that can be used for their specific purpose.
There are only 32 keywords in C

For eg:- int ,for,else,if,break,continue e.t.c.

Identifiers :- User define words.

Identifiers are the userdefined words that can be used to refer the diffrent elements of a program.

For eg:- roll no.,name,age e.t.c.

Constants:- The Constant are the fixed values that remain unchanged throughout the program.

There are following types of Constant.

1)Integer Constant.
2)Floating Constant.
3)Character Constant.
4)String Constant.


Integer Constant:- An Integer Constant is composed of 0 to 9 digit , + or - sign.

For eg :- Roll no (1700)
              Pin code(221001)
              6 (month no)


Floating Constant:- (Real Constant)
Floating Constant is also known as real constant.

A real constant is composed of 0 to 9 digit , + or - sign and the decimal points.

For eg :- 35.5%(percentage)
              3.5 kg (quantity)

Character Constant:- A Character Constant is a singla character that is enclosed with in a single quotation mark.

For eg :- 'A','P','&','+','-' e.t.c.

String Constant:- String Constantis the set of character enclosed with in a double quotation Marks.

For eg:-"Nayanika","Ck77" e.t.c.

Variables In C

When we want to store any information . we store it in address of the computer address  is complex so we name it and naming of address known as variable.
  

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Data Type In C 

Data types simply refers to the type and size of data associated with variables and functions.

Data type can be either fundamental (provided in C compiler), or derived (derived from fundamental data types).

These data type are different storage capacity.

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Naming of An Identifiers

There are following points to observe in case of naming an identifier

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